{"id":6111,"date":"2021-05-21T20:56:06","date_gmt":"2021-05-21T13:56:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/news.bitcoinvn.io\/?p=6111"},"modified":"2021-05-27T11:28:03","modified_gmt":"2021-05-27T04:28:03","slug":"bitcoin-va-nguong-so-dunbar","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bitcoinvn.io\/insights\/vi\/bitcoin-va-nguong-so-dunbar\/","title":{"rendered":"Bitcoin v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng s\u1ed1 Dunbar"},"content":{"rendered":"

L\u1eddi t\u1ef1a t\u1eeb BitcoinVN News:<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Hugo Nguyen<\/a> l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean (\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn) \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p cho giao th\u1ee9c Bitcoin<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n

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Hugo l\u00e0 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft<\/a> v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt v\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a giao th\u1ee9c Bitcoin, Proof-of-Work c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c vect\u01a1 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng m\u00e0 giao th\u1ee9c Bitcoin t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u.<\/em><\/p>\n

Hugo l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft b\u00e0i “Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n an to\u00e0n \u0110a ch\u1eef k\u00fd Bitcoin<\/a>“, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t BIP ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea7u th\u00e1ng n\u00e0y<\/a>, m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ho\u00e1 cho vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u00e1c v\u00ed Bitcoin \u0111a ch\u1eef k\u00fd (multisig) m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch an to\u00e0n.<\/em><\/p>\n

Anh c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 tham gia d\u1ecbch b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a Nick Szabo<\/a> “Shelling out – the Origins of Money<\/a>” th\u00e0nh ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n trong n\u0103m nay.\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n

Hugo \u0111\u00e3 tham gia Bitcoin chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p t\u1eeb v\u00e0i n\u0103m nay v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh residency Chaincode Labs<\/a> v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2019; tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh Nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 thi\u00ean th\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a S\u00e0n giao d\u1ecbch Bitcoin \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam – BitcoinVN<\/a> – v\u00e0 g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp c\u00f4ng ty kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang m\u00ecnh – Nunchuk<\/a> – v\u1edbi s\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd kh\u00f3a Bitcoin c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n an to\u00e0n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m cho Multisig tr\u1edf n\u00ean d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n

(K\u1ebft th\u00fac ph\u1ea7n l\u1eddi t\u1ef1a c\u1ee7a BitcoinVN News, xin m\u1eddi b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecdc b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft)<\/strong><\/p>\n

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Nh\u1eefng ai ch\u01a1i v\u1edbi m\u00ecnh s\u1ebd bi\u1ebft l\u00e0 trong \u201ccrypto\u201d m\u00ecnh ch\u1ec9 quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn Bitcoin l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng quan t\u00e2m m\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u201cblockchain\u201d kh\u00e1c – th\u1ee9 m\u00e0 b\u00e2y gi\u1edd b\u1ecb ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u1ed5i ph\u1ed3ng l\u00ean m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch qu\u00e1 \u0111\u00e1ng. M\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u00ecnh dung ra m\u1ed9t t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i \u201ct\u00e0i s\u1ea3n s\u1ed1\u201d (digital assets) ngo\u00e0i Bitcoin c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 song song t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i. Nh\u01b0ng so v\u1ec1 t\u1ea7m \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng, nh\u1eefng d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ngo\u00e0i Bitcoin theo m\u00ecnh s\u1ebd ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 r\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110i v\u00e0o l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n crypto kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00ednh kh\u1ea3 thi v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb l\u00e2u d\u00e0i (alt coins, Proof-of-Stake, ICOs, NFTs<\/a>, v.v.) th\u00ec m\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u tr\u00ean Twitter\/Medium. Nh\u01b0ng trong b\u00e0i n\u00e0y m\u00ecnh mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bitcoin s\u1ebd gi\u00fap con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00fang ta li\u00ean k\u1ebft, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u1edf m\u1ed9t t\u1ea7m cao h\u01a1n v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n. N\u00f3i ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c h\u01a1n, Bitcoin s\u1ebd gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng s\u1ed1 Dunbar hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng s\u1ed1 Dunbar l\u00e0 g\u00ec? V\u00e0 Bitcoin th\u00ec li\u00ean quan g\u00ec t\u1edbi n\u00f3? Ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u ch\u00fang qua 4 c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n sau \u0111\u00e2y.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00c2U CHUY\u1ec6N TH\u1ee8 NH\u1ea4T: COLOMBO VS. NH\u00c0 MINH<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Sinh ra \u1edf th\u1eddi n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta coi vi\u1ec7c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y v\u0103n minh v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n h\u01a1n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u00f4ng l\u00e0 chuy\u1ec7n hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean. Nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong nh\u1eefng th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 qua ch\u1ec9 x\u1ea3y ra khi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu m\u1edf c\u1eeda v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eadn nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb tinh hoa c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y. \u0110i \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n sau chi\u1ebfn tranh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ee9 2. Sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn H\u00e0n, \u0110\u00e0i, Sing, Hong Kong (4 con h\u1ed5 ch\u00e2u \u00c1). Sau c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c, Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1. C\u1ee9 nh\u00ecn quanh \u1edf x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y, trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y, t\u1eeb chi\u1ebfc \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i, Internet, \u00f4 t\u00f4 t\u1edbi c\u00e1i toilet hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i s\u1ea1ch s\u1ebd, m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec1u mang \u0111\u1eadm d\u1ea5u \u1ea5n c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y.<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng, hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y th\u1ef1c ra kh\u00e1 m\u1edbi trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Ch\u00ednh Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u00f4ng, ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c, m\u1edbi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho s\u1ef1 v\u0103n minh nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i trong h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n n\u0103m li\u1ec1n.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi Colombo \u201ct\u00ecm ra\u201d ch\u00e2u M\u1ef9 th\u00ec g\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3, nh\u00e0 Minh \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ed9i thuy\u1ec1n h\u00f9ng h\u1eadu \u0111i th\u00e1m hi\u1ec3m nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t xa x\u00f4i tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. M\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n th\u00e1m hi\u1ec3m, h\u1ecd c\u1eed \u0111i h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c ngh\u00ecn tu\u1ef3 t\u00f2ng, qu\u00e2n l\u00ednh. T\u00e0u c\u1ee7a TQ d\u00e0i h\u01a1n 100m, to g\u1ea5p 4-5 l\u1ea7n t\u00e0u th\u00e1m hi\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a ch\u00e2u \u00c2u sau n\u00e0y. H\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 Ba T\u01b0, Ai C\u1eadp, eo bi\u1ec3n Mozambique. C\u00f3 gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea3 ch\u00e2u M\u1ef9. H\u00f9ng h\u1eadu nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u00fd do khi\u1ebfn TQ kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong vi\u1ec7c chinh ph\u1ee5c nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng h\u1ecd t\u1edbi nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00e2u \u00c2u. Th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, t\u00e0u c\u1ee7a TQ m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00f4 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng thanh th\u1ebf, thu h\u1ed3i c\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea9m. Nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 c\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea9m th\u00f4i th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 tr\u1ea3 chi ph\u00ed cho nh\u1eefng chuy\u1ebfn \u0111i \u201ckh\u1ee7ng\u201d nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. Th\u1ee9 hai, t\u00e0u TQ qu\u00e1 c\u1ed3ng k\u1ec1nh kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho vi\u1ec7c th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i. Do v\u1eady, v\u1ec1 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n nh\u1eefng chuy\u1ebfn \u0111i n\u00e0y l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1t ti\u1ec1n, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec thi\u1ebfu t\u00ednh th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 v\u1eady n\u00ean sau th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 15, TQ ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eeda \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1ef7 khi \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi m\u1ed1i \u0111e do\u1ea1 x\u00e2m chi\u1ebfm ph\u00eda B\u1eafc t\u1eeb c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 t\u1ed9c M\u00f4ng C\u1ed5.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3i th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 Trung c\u1ed5 Trung Qu\u1ed1c h\u01b0ng th\u1ecbnh th\u1ebf n\u00e0o. Vi\u1ec7c th\u00e1m hi\u1ec3m v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t m\u1edbi ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ea3nh m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. Nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 r\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u00f3, v\u00ec r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 kinh t\u1ebf, th\u1ef1c l\u1ef1c h\u00f9ng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia m\u1edbi d\u00e1m ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn chuy\u1ec7n m\u1ea1o hi\u1ec3m ho\u1eb7c \u201cch\u01a1i l\u1edbn\u201d nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. Vi\u1ec7c nh\u00e0 Minh hay Colombo kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1ef7 c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 vi\u1ec7c NASA, SpaceX hay Blue Origin \u0111ang c\u1ea1nh tranh kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 th\u1eddi nay v\u1eady.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00f3i t\u00f3m l\u1ea1i l\u00e0, TQ v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t thi\u00ean h\u1ea1.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 19, Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u1eabn l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, t\u1ed5ng s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng GDP chi\u1ebfm 1\/3 to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. To\u00e1n h\u1ecdc, v\u0103n h\u1ecdc, thu\u1ed1c s\u00fang, gi\u1ea5y, kim lo\u1ea1i h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec1u v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 tinh x\u1ea3o nh\u01b0 g\u1ed1m s\u1ee9, m\u00e3i sau n\u00e0y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft ch\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.\u2028<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u1ecdi vi\u1ec7c b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eeb kho\u1ea3ng ~400 n\u0103m v\u1ec1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Ngo\u00e0i c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng sai l\u1ea7m trong vi\u1ec7c th\u00e1m hi\u1ec3m tr\u00ean, \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u00f4ng th\u1ee5t l\u00f9i? Ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c h\u01a1n, \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y tho\u00e1t x\u00e1c, t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u01b0\u1ee3t b\u1eadc?<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00c2U CHUY\u1ec6N TH\u1ee8 HAI: S\u1ee8C M\u1ea0NH, V\u00c0 GI\u1edaI H\u1ea0N C\u1ee6A T\u00cdN NG\u01af\u1ee0NG<\/strong><\/h2>\n

N\u1ebfu ai \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng \u0111\u1ecdc cu\u1ed1n Sapiens c\u1ee7a Harari, th\u00ec s\u1ebd bi\u1ebft \u201ccon s\u1ed1 Dunbar\u201d. V\u00ec b\u1ecb gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n v\u1ec1 n\u00e3o b\u1ed9, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00fang ta ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 quan h\u1ec7 m\u1eadt thi\u1ebft v\u1edbi t\u1ed1i \u0111a l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng 100-200 ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 m\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 li\u00ean k\u1ebft l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p tr\u00ean v\u00e0i tr\u0103m ng\u01b0\u1eddi, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh k\u1ef3 di\u1ec7u n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft ch\u00fang ta l\u1ea1i. C\u00f2n n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng ch\u00fang ta m\u00e3i m\u00e3i s\u1ebd l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng th\u1ed5 d\u00e2n s\u1ed1ng trong nh\u1eefng b\u1ed9 l\u1ea1c nh\u1ecf v\u1edbi c\u1ee1 <200 ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a t\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng, t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng, t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed m\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn ng\u01b0\u1eddi, h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u00f2ng c\u00f9ng h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t ph\u00eda. Th\u1eadm ch\u00ed h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecf m\u1ea1ng v\u00ec m\u1ed9t m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau (\u201ct\u1eed v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea1o\u201d). Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi c\u00f3 t\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng, t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o, vi\u1ec7c con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft \u1edf m\u1ed9t quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u1edfng.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ebfn th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 11, Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa gi\u00e1o \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ee7 s\u00f3ng g\u1ea7n h\u1ebft \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c2u. C\u00e1c v\u1ecb vua \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c2u th\u1eddi Trung c\u1ed5 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa gi\u00e1o m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u201cdanh ch\u00ednh ng\u00f4n thu\u1eadn\u201d l\u00e0m vua. Th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ec9nh cao c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa gi\u00e1o, Gi\u00e1o Ho\u00e0ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi phong t\u01b0\u1edbc vua. Trung t\u00e2m quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a ch\u00e2u \u00c2u th\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 Anh, Ph\u00e1p hay T\u00e2y Ban Nha, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 Vatican.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f2n \u1edf ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u00f4ng, Nho gi\u00e1o c\u0169ng \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cT\u1eeb th\u1eddi nh\u00e0 H\u00e1n, Nho gi\u00e1o \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh trung t\u00e2m cho vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. Nh\u1edd \u0111\u1ea1o Nho, c\u00e1c tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh \u00edt ph\u1ea3i can thi\u1ec7p v\u00e0o \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n, cho c\u00e1c l\u00e0ng t\u1ef1 l\u1eadp h\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e0 g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 t\u1ef1 tr\u1ecb.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Nho gi\u00e1o ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u00f4ng ch\u00fang ta v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua con s\u1ed1 Dunbar, ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c m\u1ed9t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u1ea3 Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 Nho gi\u00e1o \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c li\u00ean k\u1ebft con ng\u01b0\u1eddi r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang c\u0169ng c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c k\u00ecm h\u00e3m l\u1edbn kh\u00f4ng k\u00e9m.<\/span><\/p>\n

Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa gi\u00e1o \u0111\u1eb7t l\u1eddi c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa l\u00ean l\u00e0m chu\u1ea9n. M\u1ecdi vi\u1ec7c trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3i thu\u1eadn theo Kinh Th\u00e1nh. N\u1ebfu Kinh Th\u00e1nh n\u00f3i tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00e0 trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a v\u0169 tr\u1ee5, th\u00ec tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 trung t\u00e2m v\u0169 tr\u1ee5. N\u1ebfu Kinh Th\u00e1nh n\u00f3i ph\u1ea3i n\u00e9m \u0111\u00e1 \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ebft hay thi\u00eau s\u1ed1ng nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb t\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3, th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i mang h\u1ecd \u0111i n\u00e9m \u0111\u00e1 thi\u00eau s\u1ed1ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f2n Nho gi\u00e1o th\u00ec qu\u00e1 ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 v\u00e0 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. \u201cVua ph\u1ea3i theo \u0111\u1ea1o vua, t\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i theo \u0111\u1ea1o t\u00f4i, cha ph\u1ea3i theo \u0111\u1ea1o cha, con ph\u1ea3i theo \u0111\u1ea1o con, ch\u1ed3ng ph\u1ea3i theo \u0111\u1ea1o ch\u1ed3ng, v\u1ee3 ph\u1ea3i theo \u0111\u1ea1o v\u1ee3\u2026\u201d Ng\u01b0\u1eddi theo t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng Nho gi\u00e1o l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u0129 sinh ra m\u1ecdi vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c an b\u00e0i, ph\u1ea3i theo m\u1ed9t tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh. Nho gi\u00e1o kh\u00f4ng khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch con ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, v\u00ec theo Nho gi\u00e1o nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ph\u00e0m v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1c quan kh\u00f4ng quan tr\u1ecdng b\u1eb1ng l\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2m v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00fd l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Nho gi\u00e1o l\u1ea5y con ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean. Nho gi\u00e1o c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch v\u0103n ho\u00e1 ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n hay ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 lu\u1eadt l\u1ec7.<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n m\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y l\u00e0 khi Copernicus v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 Galileo d\u00e1m tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi Kinh Th\u00e1nh: tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 trung t\u00e2m v\u0169 tr\u1ee5. C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t minh ra m\u00e1y in \u00e9p (Gutenberg’s press) v\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 15 v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c qua s\u00e1ch, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c th\u00e1m hi\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a Colombo \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n thay \u0111\u1ed5i quan ni\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y v\u1ec1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 ch\u00e2m ng\u00f2i cho cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 m\u1edf ra con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng khoa h\u1ecdc t\u1ea1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y. T\u1eeb khi khoa h\u1ecdc ra \u0111\u1eddi, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1edbt tin v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ea5ng th\u1ea7n linh v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 m\u00ea t\u00edn. Thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00fang ta d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o gi\u00e1c quan \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ra nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean l\u00fd c\u1ee7a t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean.<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u00e2y gi\u1edd ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u1edf tr\u00ean: l\u00fd do khi\u1ebfn ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y nh\u1ea3y c\u00f3c v\u01b0\u1ee3t \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u00f4ng l\u00e0 v\u00ec h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 tho\u00e1t ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1i b\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn t\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng khoa h\u1ecdc, trong khi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u00f4ng th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng tho\u00e1t n\u1ed5i c\u00e1i b\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a Nho gi\u00e1o.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady qua c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n n\u00e0y ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y t\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t con dao hai l\u01b0\u1ee1i. V\u1eeba c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng li\u00ean k\u1ebft, v\u1eeba c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng k\u00ecm h\u00e3m.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn (s\u1ed1ng l\u01b0\u01a1ng thi\u1ec7n, kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ed9m c\u1eafp, gi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi, v.v.), th\u00ec x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i s\u1ebd t\u1ed1t l\u00ean. Nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu t\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 do kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 v\u00e0 \u0111i t\u00ecm s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt th\u00ec x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i s\u1ebd d\u1eadm ch\u00e2n t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 ho\u1eb7c th\u1eadm ch\u00ed l\u00e0 th\u1ee5t l\u00f9i.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00c2U CHUY\u1ec6N TH\u1ee8 BA: \u201cT\u00d4N GI\u00c1O \u0110\u00d4 LA\u201d (USD)<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 Nho gi\u00e1o \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap con ng\u01b0\u1eddi xa x\u01b0a v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n Dunbar, li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i l\u1edbn v\u00e0 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i t\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng kh\u00e1c c\u0169ng gi\u00fap con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u01b0\u1ee3t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n Dunbar: \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng nh\u01b0 t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o, ti\u1ec1n c\u00f2n c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c li\u00ean k\u1ebft t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o.<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u01b0\u1ee3n l\u1eddi c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 s\u1eed h\u1ecdc Harari:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cTi\u1ec1n l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng duy nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xo\u00e1 tan m\u1ecdi r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n v\u0103n ho\u00e1, ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef, lu\u1eadt l\u1ec7, phong t\u1ee5c t\u1eadp qu\u00e1n. Ti\u1ec1n kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o, gi\u1edbi t\u00ednh, ch\u1ee7ng t\u1ed9c hay tu\u1ed5i t\u00e1c.\u201d<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Nh\u1edd c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1n m\u00e0 hai con ng\u01b0\u1eddi xa l\u1ea1 c\u00e1ch nhau h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn km, v\u0103n ho\u00e1 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n tr\u00e1i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c nhau v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 trao \u0111\u1ed5i mua b\u00e1n. Nh\u1edd c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1n, ch\u00fang ta m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf. Nh\u1edd c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1n m\u1edbi c\u00f3 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m t\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n, doanh nghi\u1ec7p, c\u00f4ng ty tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m h\u1eefu h\u1ea1n. Nh\u1edd c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1n, m\u1ed9t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi xa l\u1ea1 v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh tr\u01a1n tru.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, v\u00e0ng l\u00e0 \u00f4ng vua c\u1ee7a ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7 (~5,000 n\u0103m). Nh\u01b0ng sang \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 20, \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u00f4 la thay th\u1ebf v\u00e0ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7 chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebfn tranh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ee9 1 v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn tranh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ee9 2.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u1edd v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd bi\u1ec7t l\u1eadp, n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 l\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u00edt b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1ea5t t\u1eeb chi\u1ebfn tranh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ee9 1 v\u00e0 th\u1ee9 2. Trong khi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c li\u00ean ti\u1ebfp lao v\u00e0o hai cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn kh\u1ed1c li\u1ec7t, bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u1ea1i T\u00e2y D\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap M\u1ef9 gi\u1eef kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch v\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t. \u201cNgao c\u00f2 tranh \u0111\u1ea5u, ng\u01b0 \u00f4ng \u0111\u1eafc l\u1ee3i.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nhi\u1ec1u, M\u1ef9 c\u00f2n v\u01b0\u01a1n l\u00ean tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ch\u1ee7 n\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia tham chi\u1ebfn. C\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia mua v\u0169 kh\u00ed, nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u, \u0111\u1ea1n d\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb M\u1ef9, v\u00e0 thanh to\u00e1n v\u1edbi M\u1ef9 b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ec1n chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1eddi b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd: v\u00e0ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sau khi 2 cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn k\u1ebft th\u00fac, M\u1ef9 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh qu\u1ed1c gia c\u00f3 d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef v\u00e0ng l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. H\u01a1n m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda s\u1ed1 v\u00e0ng tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 n\u1eb1m \u1edf M\u1ef9. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y kh\u00e1c b\u1ecb t\u00e0n ph\u00e1 n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1, \u0111\u1ed3ng ti\u1ec1n nh\u1eefng n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y c\u0169ng m\u1ea5t gi\u00e1 tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng. Hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh Bretton Woods k\u00fd n\u0103m 1944 gi\u1eefa M\u1ef9, Nh\u1eadt, \u00dac v\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u00f4 la l\u00ean ng\u00f4i \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7 chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Khi \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u00f4 la v\u1eabn c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi v\u00e0ng. S\u1edf h\u1eefu \u0111\u00f4 la, l\u00e0 gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp s\u1edf h\u1eefu v\u00e0ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u1ecdi chuy\u1ec7n thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1971. N\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9, sa l\u1ea7y \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam, c\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng chi tr\u1ea3 cho cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh k\u00e9o d\u00e0i v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 cam k\u1ebft c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Johnson. Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec1u \u00e1p l\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f3, t\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Nixon \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01a1n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0a M\u1ef9 t\u00e1ch kh\u1ecfi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Bretton Woods, ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c th\u1ea3 n\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u00f4 la, c\u1eaft b\u1ecf m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 g\u1ea7n 200 n\u0103m gi\u1eefa \u0111\u00f4 la v\u00e0 v\u00e0ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

(Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a v\u00e0ng trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed M\u1ef9 quan tr\u1ecdng t\u1edbi m\u1ee9c nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi cha \u0111\u1ebb n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n \u201cv\u00e0ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea1c\u201d v\u00e0o Hi\u1ebfn Ph\u00e1p M\u1ef9 n\u0103m 1787.)<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00e2ng, m\u00ecnh n\u00f3i l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa, v\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u nay g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn trong c\u00e1c s\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o khoa: \u00e1p l\u1ef1c sa l\u1ea7y c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebfn tranh Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh khi\u1ebfn ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 M\u1ef9 t\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u00f4 la ra kh\u1ecfi m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi v\u00e0ng. Hay n\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp gi\u00fap t\u1ea1o ra h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi b\u00e2y gi\u1edd.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1eeb th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 70, s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00f4 la \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c in ra h\u00e0ng n\u0103m l\u00e0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n n\u1eb1m trong t\u1ea7m ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u1ee7a C\u1ee5c D\u1ef1 tr\u1eef Li\u00ean bang M\u1ef9 (the Federal Reserve). C\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i l\u00e0, t\u1eeb th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 70, \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u00f4 la ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i \u201ct\u00f4n gi\u00e1o\u201d th\u1ef1c th\u1ee5. Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u00f4 la, thay v\u00ec d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i kim lo\u1ea1i trung l\u1eadp, hi\u1ebfm c\u00f3, gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y, n\u00f3 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o \u201cni\u1ec1m tin\u201d c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c nh\u1ecf \u1edf M\u1ef9.<\/span><\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7c ch\u00fang ta tin v\u00e0o gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u00f4 la th\u1eddi nay th\u1ef1c ra c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 vi\u1ec7c ng\u01b0\u1eddi Trung c\u1ed5 tin v\u00e0o chuy\u1ec7n tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00e0 trung t\u00e2m v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 v\u1eady. M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi tin v\u00e0o n\u00f3, \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 v\u00ec nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi xung quanh v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u0169ng \u0111ang tin v\u00e0o n\u00f3.<\/span><\/p>\n

Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a C\u1ee5c D\u1ef1 tr\u1eef Li\u00ean bang M\u1ef9 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c g\u00ec Gi\u00e1o Ho\u00e0ng \u1edf Vatican th\u1eddi x\u01b0a. Nh\u1ea5t c\u1eed nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a C\u1ee5c D\u1ef1 tr\u1eef Li\u00ean bang M\u1ef9, c\u1ea3 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ph\u1ea3i l\u1eafng nghe. H\u1ecd h\u1eaft x\u00ec h\u01a1i, l\u00e0 c\u1ea3 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ph\u1ea3i r\u00f9ng m\u00ecnh.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00e0 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa gi\u00e1o, \u201ct\u00f4n gi\u00e1o \u0111\u00f4 la\u201d c\u0169ng c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c k\u00ecm h\u00e3m l\u1edbn.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi v\u1ecb th\u1ebf gia t\u0103ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u00f4 la, M\u1ef9 c\u00f2n l\u00ean ng\u00f4i v\u1edbi v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u201cc\u1ea3nh s\u00e1t\u201d c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u.<\/span><\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7c h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c giao d\u1ecbch th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i, c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n vay v\u1ed1n \u0111a qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thanh to\u00e1n b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00f4 la \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c M\u1ef9 c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 can thi\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng ng\u1ea1ch th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u1ea1ch th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean quan g\u00ec t\u1edbi M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng t\u1edbi \u0111\u00f4 la. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch M\u1ef9 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch c\u1ea5m v\u1eadn v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc trong nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 qua.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 c\u1ea5m v\u1eadn ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 l\u00e0 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng CHIPS (the US Clearing House Interbank Payments System), v\u1edbi th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean l\u00e0 47 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 b\u0103ng l\u1edbn tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. M\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y, c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 1.5 ngh\u00ecn t\u1ef7 \u0111\u00f4 la \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao d\u1ecbch qua h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y, chi\u1ebfm 96% th\u1ecb ph\u1ea7n giao d\u1ecbch \u0111\u00f4 la to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu mu\u1ed1n c\u1ea5m v\u1eadn m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia nh\u01b0 Iran, M\u1ef9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea5m c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 b\u0103ng th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean CHIPS kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao d\u1ecbch quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi Iran. Kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng c\u1ea5m v\u1eadn tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp, M\u1ef9 c\u00f2n \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng lu\u1eadt c\u1ea5m v\u1eadn gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp. N\u1ebfu nh\u00e0 b\u0103ng n\u00e0o v\u00f4 t\u00ecnh gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c th\u1ee9 3 giao d\u1ecbch v\u1edbi Iran, nh\u00e0 b\u0103ng \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd b\u1ecb CHIPS cho v\u00e0o s\u1ed5 \u0111en, ph\u1ea1t ho\u1eb7c t\u1ea9y chay kh\u1ecfi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 sau s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n 9\/11, M\u1ef9 c\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng m\u1ea1nh tay v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch c\u1ea5m v\u1eadn c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i s\u1ef1 ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ecf c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc, bao g\u1ed3m Nga, Trung Qu\u1ed1c, v\u00e0 ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean h\u01a1n n\u1eefa l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh nh\u1eefng n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed3ng minh.<\/span><\/p>\n

Khi t\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Trump t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea5m v\u1eadn v\u1edbi Iran, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 l\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ea1o kh\u1ed1i EU \u0111\u00e3 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean duy tr\u00ec nh\u1eefng ng\u1ea1ch th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft v\u1edbi Iran. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u01b0 Anh, Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c Instex n\u0103m 2019 \u0111\u1ec3 \u201cl\u00e1ch\u201d c\u00e1c lu\u1eadt c\u1ea5m v\u1eadn c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 v\u1edbi Iran, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng. S\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 qu\u00e1 l\u1edbn.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u1ea3 kh\u1ed1i EU, Nga v\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111ang t\u00edch c\u1ef1c t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 chi ph\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u00f4 la b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y \u0111\u1ed3ng ti\u1ec1n v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 k\u00ecm h\u00e3m c\u1ee7a \u201ct\u00f4n gi\u00e1o \u0111\u00f4 la\u201d. Khi m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed3ng ti\u1ec1n b\u1ecb m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m nh\u1ecf ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t, thao t\u00fang, n\u00f3 gi\u1ea3m \u0111i s\u1ee9c li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u01b0\u1ee3t ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng Dunbar. S\u1ebd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m t\u1ef7 \u0111\u00f4 la gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra n\u1ebfu kh\u1ed1i EU \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mua b\u00e1n th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi Iran, nh\u01b0ng M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01a1n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ea3n l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng ng\u1ea1ch th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i n\u00e0y.<\/span><\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng l\u00e0 n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a c\u1ea5m v\u1eadn M\u1ef9. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb M\u1ef9 c\u1ea5m v\u1eadn, r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 Vi\u1ec7t Nam ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 tho\u00e1t ngh\u00e8o t\u1eeb l\u00e2u r\u1ed3i, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ebfn 20 n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y.<\/span><\/p>\n

Quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ea5m v\u1eadn, s\u1ee9c k\u00ecm h\u00e3m c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u00f4 la n\u1eb1m \u1edf nguy c\u01a1 l\u1ea1m ph\u00e1t.<\/span><\/p>\n

L\u00f2ng tin tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u00e0o c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng ti\u1ec1n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00f4 la c\u0169ng l\u00e0m ch\u00fang d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb thao t\u00fang. L\u1ecbch s\u1eed l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chu\u1ed7i r\u1ea5t d\u00e0i nh\u1eefng minh ch\u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 thao t\u00fang v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 m\u1ea5t ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed3ng ti\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebf ch\u1ebf La M\u00e3, tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 T\u1ed1ng, nh\u00e0 Minh \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c, hay n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u1ee9c trong chi\u1ebfn tranh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, v.v. Nh\u1eefng n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 Argentina, Venezuela v\u00e0 Zimbabwe.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ti\u1ec1n xu b\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ebf ch\u1ebf La M\u00e3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh. T\u1eeb ~100% b\u1ea1c nguy\u00ean ch\u1ea5t, ti\u1ec1n xu La M\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n <5% l\u00f5i b\u1ea1c \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng n\u0103m v\u1ec1 sau. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed gia cho r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed3ng ti\u1ec1n m\u1ea5t gi\u00e1 l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ch\u00ednh khi\u1ebfn La M\u00e3 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5. Th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch kinh t\u1ebf l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chinh ph\u1ee5c b\u1edfi \u0111\u1ebf ch\u1ebf La M\u00e3. Nh\u01b0ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed3ng ti\u1ec1n si\u00eau l\u1ea1m ph\u00e1t \u0111\u00e3 xo\u00e1 x\u1ed5 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n ngh\u00e8o v\u00e0 trung l\u01b0u, l\u00e0m t\u00ea li\u1ec7t th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng mi\u1ec1n v\u00e0 ch\u00e2m ng\u00f2i cho nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c n\u1ed9i chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1eabm m\u00e1u.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea5m v\u1eadn, khi \u0111\u1ed3ng ti\u1ec1n m\u1ea5t gi\u00e1, kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng n\u00f3 gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng li\u00ean k\u1ebft t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y xung \u0111\u1ed9t, chi\u1ebfn tranh.<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u1ed7i m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed3ng ti\u1ec1n l\u1ea1m ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng. T\u00e1c h\u1ea1i th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 m\u1ea5t \u0111i l\u00f2ng tin c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, g\u00e2y th\u1ee5t l\u00f9i kinh t\u1ebf th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i. T\u00e1c h\u1ea1i th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea9y cao m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn xung \u0111\u1ed9t. T\u00e1c h\u1ea1i th\u1ee9 ba, nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n v\u00e0 kh\u00f3 \u0111ong \u0111\u1ebfm h\u01a1n, l\u00e0 n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea9y nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o v\u00e0o t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng ngh\u00e8o h\u01a1n, khi h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 l\u1ea1m ph\u00e1t nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e0u c\u00f3 (nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed5 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef v\u00e0o c\u1ed5 phi\u1ebfu ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n).<\/span><\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean m\u00e0 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch gi\u00e0u ngh\u00e8o tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi l\u1ea1i t\u0103ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t t\u1eeb th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 70 – khi M\u1ef9 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ea3 n\u1ed5i \u0111\u00f4 la. M\u1ee9c ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch gi\u00e0u ngh\u00e8o th\u1eddi nay c\u00f2n t\u1ed3i h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 th\u1eddi Trung c\u1ed5. Kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u00e0u ngh\u00e8o qu\u00e1 cao l\u00e0m cho x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i b\u1ea5t \u1ed5n, v\u00e0 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 l\u00fd do nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y b\u1ea1o lo\u1ea1n x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/span><\/p>\n

H\u01a1n 20% t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f4 la tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c in ra trong n\u0103m 2020, \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng x\u1ea3y ra trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed M\u1ef9. N\u1ee3 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 c\u0169ng \u0111ang t\u0103ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t. Kho b\u1ea1c M\u1ef9 trong qu\u00fd 2 n\u0103m nay vay 3,000 t\u1ec9 \u0111\u00f4 la, m\u1ed9t m\u1ee9c cao k\u1ef7 l\u1ee5c ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng th\u1ea5y.<\/span><\/p>\n

Li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u00f4 la \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea1i, m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed3ng ti\u1ec1n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed 50 n\u0103m (t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i ng\u1eafn so v\u1edbi b\u1ec1 d\u00e0y l\u1ecbch s\u1eed ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7) c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 l\u1ea1m ph\u00e1t cao kh\u00f4ng? Ch\u00fang ta ch\u01b0a bi\u1ebft, nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu l\u1ecbch s\u1eed l\u00e0 b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc, th\u00ec \u0111\u00f4 la c\u0169ng s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ec7, b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 M\u1ef9 c\u00f3 m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2u.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00c2U CHUY\u1ec6N TH\u1ee8 T\u01af: S\u1ee8 M\u1ec6NH C\u1ee6A BITCOIN<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Bitcoin c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng l\u1edbn v\u00ec n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7 m\u1edbi, gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta v\u01b0\u1ee3t ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng Dunbar cao h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 v\u00e0ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u00f4 la.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bitcoin \u01b0u vi\u1ec7t h\u01a1n \u0111\u00f4 la v\u00ec c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 v\u00e0ng, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 t\u00ednh trung l\u1eadp cao. Nh\u1edd h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng phi t\u1eadp trung (decentralized), Bitcoin kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c hay m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia n\u00e0o thao t\u00fang, chi ph\u1ed1i. Bitcoin c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 in th\u00eam qu\u00e1 21 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Satoshi Nakamoto<\/a> l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh s\u1eb5n.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bitcoin \u01b0u vi\u1ec7t h\u01a1n v\u00e0ng v\u00ec n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng s\u1ed1. Chi ph\u00ed l\u01b0u tr\u1eef, v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0ng, v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0ng th\u1eadt r\u1ea5t cao, trong khi \u0111\u00f3, Bitcoin c\u00f3 chi ph\u00ed l\u01b0u tr\u1eef th\u1ea5p, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eedi t\u1edbi n\u1eeda b\u00ean kia b\u00e1n c\u1ea7u ch\u1ec9 trong v\u00f2ng v\u00e0i ph\u00fat, v\u00e0 r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1eadt gi\u1ea3. Bitcoin l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng ti\u1ec1n h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi m\u1ea1ng Internet v\u00ec c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 Internet, Bitcoin phi qu\u1ed1c gia, phi bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bitcoin gi\u1ed1ng v\u00e0ng \u1edf ch\u1ed7 s\u1ef1 \u201chi\u1ebfm\u201d v\u00e0 kh\u00f3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec1u d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nguy\u00ean l\u00fd n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Nguy\u00ean t\u1eed v\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra h\u00e0ng t\u1ef7 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi nh\u1eefng ng\u00f4i sao neutron \u0111\u1eadp v\u00e0o nhau (\u0111\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u201cProof-of-Work\u201d c\u1ee7a v\u00e0ng). N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ea1o ra v\u00e0ng l\u00e0 l\u1edbn kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh v\u00ec th\u1ebf, l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3 n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 d\u1ec5. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed3ng Bitcoin hay blockchain c\u1ee7a Bitcoin c\u0169ng t\u1ed1n m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3. (Gi\u00e1 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1ea7n v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, t\u1ea1o ra th\u1ee9 \u0111\u00f3). T\u1ea1i sao \u0111\u00e0o Bitcoin l\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3i t\u1ed1n \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f3 x\u1ea3y ra nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u. Nh\u01b0ng b\u1ea1n h\u00e3y nh\u1edb r\u1eb1ng, ch\u00ednh s\u1ef1 t\u1ed1n \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a Bitcoin \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ed9 hi\u1ebfm, trung l\u1eadp v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n c\u1ee7a Bitcoin. C\u0169ng ch\u00ednh v\u00ec d\u00f9ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed3ng Bitcoin, d\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng s\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, v\u1eabn r\u1ea5t \u201cth\u1eadt\u201d (mass = energy). C\u00f2n t\u1edd \u0111\u00f4 la, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 s\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, ho\u00e1 ra m\u1edbi th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u201c\u1ea3o\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u1edf t\u1ea7m cao h\u01a1n, c\u00f3 2 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n Bitcoin ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 lu\u00f4n h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi:<\/span><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. T\u00ednh trung l\u1eadp.<\/span><\/li>\n
  2. T\u00ednh \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, an to\u00e0n.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    T\u00ednh trung l\u1eadp: N\u1ebfu m\u1ea5t t\u00ednh trung l\u1eadp, Bitcoin s\u1ebd r\u01a1i v\u00e0o v\u1ebft xe \u0111\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u00f4 la. S\u1ef1 phi t\u1eadp trung c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch Bitcoin duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh trung l\u1eadp. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1ng n\u00f3i \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch \u0111ong \u0111\u1ebfm m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 phi t\u1eadp trung. Ngo\u00e0i m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 phi t\u1eadp trung c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb tr\u00ed m\u00e1y \u0111\u00e0o, c\u00f2n c\u00f3 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 phi t\u1eadp trung c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh vi\u00ean (developers) ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 phi t\u1eadp trung c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng Bitcoin, m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 phi t\u1eadp trung c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p Bitcoin, c\u00e1c s\u00e0n giao d\u1ecbch Bitcoin, v.v. C\u0169ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 phi t\u1eadp trung mang t\u00ednh PR kh\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec1u gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb l\u1eafm, nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 node\/validator c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, v\u00ec ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1ng l\u00ean 1000 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 gi\u1ea3 tr\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y. \u0110a s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u201cblockchain\u201d hi\u1ec7n nay v\u1ec1 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 phi t\u1eadp trung t\u1ed1t, th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ecbu ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf nh\u1ecf. Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i ch\u1ea1y database truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 MySql hay MongoDb l\u00e0 m\u1ea5y. Hay n\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 \u201cb\u00ecnh c\u0169, r\u01b0\u1ee3u m\u1edbi\u201d. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng blockchain m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh phi t\u1eadp trung th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u r\u1ea5t ph\u00ed ph\u1ea1m, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i l\u00e0 v\u00f4 ngh\u0129a. \u0110\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u th\u00eam v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111ong \u0111\u1ebfm m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 phi t\u1eadp trung, h\u00e3y tham kh\u1ea3o th\u00eam b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a Balaji S. Srinivasan, c\u1ef1u General Partner c\u1ee7a qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 Andreessen Horowitz, v\u00e0 c\u1ef1u CTO c\u1ee7a Coinbase [1].<\/span><\/p>\n

    Minh ch\u1ee9ng ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u nh\u1ea5t cho t\u00ednh phi t\u1eadp trung c\u1ee7a Bitcoin l\u00e0 qua cu\u1ed9c \u201cn\u1ed9i chi\u1ebfn\u201d Bitcoin n\u0103m 2017, khi c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Bitcoin t\u00e1ch th\u00e0nh 2 phe \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1eadp trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai Bitcoin. M\u1ed9t b\u00ean l\u00e0 li\u00ean minh c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty Bitcoin c\u00f3 th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t th\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 nh\u01b0 Coinbase, Bitmain, BitPay, Grayscale Investments, Xapo, v.v. mu\u1ed1n Bitcoin nhanh h\u01a1n, ph\u00ed giao d\u1ecbch r\u1ebb h\u01a1n. M\u1ed9t b\u00ean l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh vi\u00ean Bitcoin v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng Bitcoin, mu\u1ed1n gi\u1eef Bitcoin nh\u01b0 n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh phi t\u1eadp trung, v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 scaling (l\u00e0m sao \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng giao d\u1ecbch, l\u00e0m sao \u0111\u1ec3 giao d\u1ecbch r\u1ebb v\u00e0 nhanh nh\u01b0 Visa) \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean Bitcoin (layer 2, layer 3). B\u00ean li\u00ean minh \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho h\u01a1n 80% hashrate v\u00e0 5 t\u1ef7 \u0111\u00f4 la giao d\u1ecbch h\u00e0ng th\u00e1ng tr\u00ean Bitcoin blockchain. Nh\u01b0ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, b\u00ean li\u00ean minh n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 thua tan t\u00e1c. \u0110\u1ed3ng BitcoinCash l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c n\u1ed9i chi\u1ebfn n\u00e0y v\u00e0 gi\u1edd n\u00f3 c\u0169ng \u0111ang ch\u1ebft d\u1ea7n ch\u1ebft m\u00f2n. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c n\u1ed9i chi\u1ebfn n\u00e0y n\u00f3i l\u00ean r\u1eb1ng: nh\u1eefng th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t Bitcoin c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01a1n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e9p bu\u1ed9c thay \u0111\u1ed5i Bitcoin theo \u00fd h\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n.<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u2028T\u00ednh \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, an to\u00e0n: Ngo\u00e0i t\u00ednh trung l\u1eadp, \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 s\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n b\u1ea1c t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n, th\u00ec t\u00ednh \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, b\u1ea5t bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n c\u1ee7a Bitcoin c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t l\u00ean h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u. Bitcoin c\u1ea7n h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i, tr\u1eeb nh\u1eefng n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Bitcoin b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t giao th\u1ee9c ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m (software protocol). V\u00ec n\u00f3 l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m n\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ea7m t\u01b0\u1edfng Bitcoin c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m kh\u00e1c. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m Bitcoin r\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 c\u00f3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u kh\u1eaft khe h\u01a1n 99.99% c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ch\u00fang ta th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m vi\u1ebft cho Windows 95 hay Macintosh II (1987) ng\u00e0y nay \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 tuy\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng v\u00e0 g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng ai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea1y ch\u00fang (phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n g\u1ed1c) tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eddi. Bitcoin th\u00ec kh\u00e1c, v\u00ec n\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n, n\u00ean ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m Bitcoin c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0y h\u00f4m nay v\u1eabn ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ea1y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sau 30 n\u0103m, 50 n\u0103m, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed l\u00e0 sau 100 n\u0103m. C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 v\u00e0ng, ti\u1ec1n Bitcoin ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i cho \u0111\u1eddi con \u0111\u1eddi ch\u00e1u. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec th\u1ec3 t\u00ednh \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i r\u1ea5t cao.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m Bitcoin c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 li\u1ec7t k\u00ea ngang h\u00e0ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m mission-critical nh\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n, hay ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m cho robot th\u00e1m hi\u1ec3m sao Ho\u1ea3. Sai s\u1ed1 cho nh\u1eefng d\u1ef1 \u00e1n n\u00e0y l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p v\u00ec n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 sai, h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 s\u1ebd l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn. Ti\u00eau ch\u00ed an to\u00e0n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1eb7t \u1edf m\u1ee9c cao nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3, v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ea7ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7. \u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u00fa \u00fd \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111a s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh vi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n c\u00e1ch vi\u1ebft v\u00e0 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0y. Bitcoin r\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i mobile hay nh\u1eefng website: nhi\u1ec1u t\u00ednh n\u0103ng nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ed7i v\u00e0 l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt, h\u00f4m nay th\u1ebf n\u00e0y, ng\u00e0y mai th\u1ebf kh\u00e1c. C\u00f2n Bitcoin, c\u00e0ng gi\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 c\u00e0ng \u00edt t\u00ednh n\u0103ng c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t.<\/span><\/p>\n

    H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Bitcoin sau h\u01a1n 12 n\u0103m v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 uptime l\u00e0 ~99.99%, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 trong 12 n\u0103m kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u00fac n\u00e0o Bitcoin ng\u1eebng ngh\u1ec9 hay b\u1ecb \u201cs\u1eadp h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng\u201d (tr\u1eeb 1 s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 nh\u1ecf th\u1eddi Bitcoin m\u1edbi khai sinh). K\u1ef7 l\u1ee5c n\u00e0y c\u00f2n \u0111\u00e1ng n\u1ec3 h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a Google, Facebook, Netflix hay CloudShare v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, khi nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ty n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng l\u00fac s\u1eadp m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7.<\/span><\/p>\n

    C\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i n\u00f3i th\u00eam \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 Bitcoin kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o. T\u00ednh trung l\u1eadp v\u00e0 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a Bitcoin d\u00f9 sao c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i. Trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 \u0111a s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c m\u00e1y \u0111\u00e0o Bitcoin \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng t\u1eadp trung \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c, nh\u01b0ng nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong m\u1ea5y n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea7n ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n ho\u00e1 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e1y \u0111\u00e0o Bitcoin tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi (xem b\u00e0i \u201cc\u1eaft \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1edf T\u00e2n C\u01b0\u01a1ng\u201d g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u th\u00eam). T\u00ednh \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a Bitcoin, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 h\u01a1n nh\u1eefng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ch\u00fang ta t\u1eebng bi\u1ebft, nh\u01b0ng so v\u1edbi v\u00e0ng v\u1edbi l\u1ecbch s\u1eed 5,000 n\u0103m th\u00ec v\u1eabn l\u00e0 c\u00f2n r\u1ea5t s\u1edbm \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3i. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng, trong nh\u1eefng d\u1ef1 \u00e1n blockchain th\u00ec Bitcoin b\u1ecf xa t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n kh\u00e1c v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh trung l\u1eadp v\u00e0 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, v\u00e0 c\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n h\u01a1n khi \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh vi\u00ean Bitcoin hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u n\u00e0y.<\/span><\/p>\n

    L\u1eddi k\u1ebft<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

    L\u00fd do con ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh vua c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt l\u00e0 nh\u1edd kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng li\u00ean k\u1ebft, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef gi\u00fap con ng\u01b0\u1eddi trao \u0111\u1ed5i, nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng li\u00ean k\u1ebft kh\u00e1c, th\u00ec con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 li\u00ean k\u1ebft \u1edf m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ed9 l\u1ea1c v\u00e0i tr\u0103m ng\u01b0\u1eddi. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng s\u1ed1 Dunbar.<\/span><\/p>\n

    T\u00f4n gi\u00e1o t\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1t minh \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean gi\u00fap con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u01b0\u1ee3t ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng s\u1ed1 Dunbar. Nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o t\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c k\u00ecm h\u00e3m kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ecf n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 do kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng. Nh\u1edd c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1n m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 giao d\u1ecbch th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi xa l\u1ea1 \u1edf nh\u1eefng x\u1ee9 s\u1edf xa x\u00f4i, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f9ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef v\u0103n ho\u00e1. S\u1ee9c li\u00ean k\u1ebft t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a ti\u1ec1n c\u00f2n v\u01b0\u1ee3t c\u1ea3 s\u1ee9c li\u00ean k\u1ebft c\u1ee7a t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o. Nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o, m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed3ng ti\u1ec1n b\u1ecb thao t\u00fang v\u00e0 t\u1eadp trung c\u0169ng c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c k\u00ecm h\u00e3m l\u1edbn. \u0110\u00f4 la l\u00e0 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7 chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 20, nh\u01b0ng li\u1ec7u n\u00f3 c\u00f3 b\u1ecb M\u1ef9 l\u1ea1m quy\u1ec1n, g\u00e2y m\u1ea5t ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t kh\u00f4ng, ch\u00fang ta h\u00e3y ch\u1edd xem. L\u1ecbch s\u1eed l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1eefng minh ch\u1ee9ng cho s\u1ef1 m\u1ea5t ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed3ng ti\u1ec1n t\u1eadp trung.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Bitcoin c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn v\u00ec n\u00f3 \u01b0u vi\u1ec7t h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 v\u00e0ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4 la \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec3m, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 m\u1edbi c\u00f3 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed 12 n\u0103m. N\u1ebfu th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng, Bitcoin s\u1ebd gi\u00fap con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00fang ta li\u00ean k\u1ebft t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u01b0\u1ee3t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u1edbi v\u00e0ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4 la, ti\u1ebfn t\u1edbi m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 ph\u1eb3ng, kh\u00f4ng bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi. [2]<\/span><\/p>\n

    – Hugo Nguyen, 15\/05\/2021<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

    P.S. #1: Qua b\u00e0i n\u00e0y, m\u00ecnh hi v\u1ecdng m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00edt nh\u1ea5t nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u Bitcoin, c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, v.v. Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt tuy quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a Bitcoin v\u00e0 s\u1ebd l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t sai l\u1ea7m n\u1ebfu ch\u1ec9 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Bitcoin hay blockchain t\u1eeb g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7.<\/span><\/p>\n

    M\u00ecnh c\u0169ng khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch vi\u1ec7c t\u1ef1 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u th\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m ch\u1ee9ng th\u00f4ng tin, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin trong b\u00e0i n\u00e0y. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ch\u00e2m ng\u00f4n c\u1ee7a phong tr\u00e0o Bitcoin l\u00e0 \u201cdo not trust, verify\u201d, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng tin t\u01b0\u1edfng ai n\u00f3i v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n Bitcoin l\u00e0 g\u00ec, l\u00e0m sao c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u00ean \u0111\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 21 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng Bitcoin m\u00e0 th\u00f4i? B\u1ea1n hay t\u1ef1 ch\u1ea1y ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ki\u1ec3m ch\u1ee9ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho c\u1ea3 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c n\u1eefa.<\/span><\/p>\n

    P.S. #2: V\u1ec1 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, n\u1ebfu c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u th\u00eam v\u1ec1 b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c (Proof-of-Work), s\u1ef1 ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean (randomness), m\u1eadt m\u00e3 (public-key cryptography) hay h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng khen th\u01b0\u1edfng (incentive scheme) c\u1ee7a Bitcoin, m\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 vi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t Bitcoin 101 series tr\u00ean Medium. [3]<\/span><\/p>\n

    [1]<\/span> https:\/\/news.earn.com\/quantifying-decentralization…<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

    [2] Nick Szabo, cha \u0111\u1ebb c\u1ee7a bitgold, m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ti\u1ec1n s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Bitcoin, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 vi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i r\u1ea5t hay v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y, \u201cSocial Scalability\u201d:<\/span> https:\/\/unenumerated.blogspot.com\/…\/money-blockchains…<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

    [3]<\/span> https:\/\/bitcointechtalk.com\/the-anatomy-of-proof-of-work…<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    L\u1eddi t\u1ef1a t\u1eeb BitcoinVN News: Hugo Nguyen l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean (\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn) \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p cho giao th\u1ee9c Bitcoin.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":6112,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3813],"tags":[8979,8980],"class_list":["post-6111","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bitcoin","tag-dunbar","tag-nguong-so-dunbar"],"yoast_head":"\nBitcoin v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng s\u1ed1 Dunbar - BitcoinVN Insights<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng s\u1ed1 Dunbar l\u00e0 g\u00ec? V\u00e0 Bitcoin th\u00ec li\u00ean quan g\u00ec t\u1edbi n\u00f3? 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